The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · May 2015
Multicenter Study Observational StudyRisk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with polymyxin B and influence of AKI on mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort study.
The objectives of this study were to assess risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with polymyxin B, a last resort antibiotic against Gram-negative bacteria, with a focus on dose, and to determine the impact of AKI on mortality of these patients. ⋯ Polymyxin B total dose is highly related to the risk of AKI, regardless of patient weight. Thirty-day mortality tended to be higher in patients who developed AKI. The relationship between dose, AKI and mortality must be further investigated in studies specifically designed to evaluate this latter outcome.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · May 2015
Impact of imipenem and amikacin pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters on microbiological outcome of Gram-negative bacilli ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Despite recent advances, antibiotic therapy of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU patients is still challenging. We assessed the impact of imipenem and amikacin pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters on microbiological outcome in these patients. ⋯ In ICU patients with VAP, classic imipenem pharmacodynamic targets are easily reached with usual dosing regimens. In this context, for amikacin, a higher C1/MIC ratio than previously described might be necessary.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · May 2015
Observational StudyPlasma and target-site subcutaneous tissue population pharmacokinetics and dosing simulations of cefazolin in post-trauma critically ill patients.
The objective of this study was to describe the population pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in plasma and the interstitial fluid of subcutaneous tissue of post-trauma critically ill patients and provide clinically relevant dosing recommendations that result in optimal concentrations at the target site. ⋯ Clinicians should be mindful of the effects of elevated CLCR and serum albumin concentrations on dosing requirements for post-trauma critically ill patients.