The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jun 2018
Observational StudyMicafungin antifungal prophylaxis in children undergoing HSCT: can we give higher doses, less frequently? A pharmacokinetic study.
Micafungin has a distinct advantage for antifungal prophylaxis in HSCT owing to its better safety profile, specifically in terms of hepatic and renal toxicity. In children, prophylactic micafungin is given as either 1 mg/kg every day or 3 mg/kg every other day. ⋯ Micafungin at 5 mg/kg dosing did not achieve target attainment at the end of 96 h for antifungal prophylaxis in children undergoing HSCT. Simulation data suggest that a dosing strategy of micafungin at 5 mg/kg every 72 h is more likely to achieve target attainment in children with a higher body weight in comparison with children with a lower body weight. A cautious approach is advisable when using a high, but less frequent, dosing strategy in very young children.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jun 2018
Quality indicators assessing antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure.
Quality indicators (QIs) assessing the appropriateness of antibiotic use are essential to identify targets for improvement and guide antibiotic stewardship interventions. The aim of this study was to develop a set of QIs for the outpatient setting from a global perspective. ⋯ We identified a set of 32 outpatient QIs to measure the appropriateness of antibiotic use. These QIs can be used to identify targets for improvement and to evaluate the effects of antibiotic stewardship interventions.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Jun 2018
Comparative StudyPharmacokinetics of piperacillin in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury receiving sustained low-efficiency diafiltration.
Piperacillin is a β-lactam penicillin antibiotic commonly used for the empirical therapy of sepsis and other hospital-acquired infections. However, knowledge regarding the effect of sustained low-efficiency diafiltration (SLED-f), a technique increasingly being used in ICUs, on piperacillin pharmacokinetics (PK) and dosing in critically ill patients is lacking. ⋯ As it can be challenging to accurately predict when SLED-f will be initiated in the critically ill, a maintenance dose of at least 4 g every 12 h with at least a 2 g replacement dose post-SLED-f would be a practical approach to piperacillin dosing in ICU patients with anuria receiving SLED-f with a duration similar to the current study.