Addictive behaviors
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Addictive behaviors · Jun 2019
Challenges on the road to recovery: Exploring attitudes and experiences of clients in a community-based buprenorphine program in Baltimore City.
This qualitative study identifies and describes experiences and challenges to retention of individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) who participated in a low-threshold combined buprenorphine-peer support treatment program in Baltimore. ⋯ This study identified several obstacles clients face when seeking care through a combined buprenorphine-peer support model. Findings highlight potential programmatic factors that can be improved and additional resources that may support treatment retention rates and better outcomes. Despite challenges, low-threshold and community-based programs can increase access to effective maintenance treatment for OUD, especially among vulnerable populations who may not have access to formal health services.
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Addictive behaviors · Jun 2019
Flavored tobacco use is associated with dual and poly tobacco use among adolescents.
This study examines the relationships between flavored tobacco use and single, dual, and poly tobacco product use, among adolescents. Given the increased use of flavored tobacco products, it is vital to understand if flavored products are associated with dual and poly tobacco product use. ⋯ A positive relationship was observed for flavored tobacco use and multiple tobacco product use. Findings suggest the need to consider stronger regulations of flavored tobacco products. Similarly, as most adolescent tobacco users reported using flavors, findings suggest the need to emphasize flavored tobacco use in prevention and education programs.
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Addictive behaviors · May 2019
A systematic review of behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent return to smoking postpartum.
There is no routine support to prevent postpartum smoking relapse, due to lack of effective interventions. Previous reviews have identified behaviour change techniques (BCTs) within pregnancy cessation trials to specify which components might be incorporated into more effective interventions, but no reviews have identified BCTs for prevention of smoking relapse postpartum. We reviewed BCTs and potential delivery modes, to inform future interventions. ⋯ Future interventions to prevent postpartum smoking relapse might include these six BCTs to maximise effectiveness. Tailored self-help approaches, with/without counselling, may be favourable modes of delivery of BCTs. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018075677.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Associations of risk factors of e-cigarette and cigarette use and susceptibility to use among baseline PATH study youth participants (2013-2014).
Improved understanding of the distribution of traditional risk factors of cigarette smoking among youth who have ever used or are susceptible to e-cigarettes and cigarettes will inform future longitudinal studies examining transitions in use. ⋯ Among ever cigarette and e-cigarette users, dual users had higher odds of reporting traditional risk factors for smoking, followed by single product cigarette smokers and e-cigarette users. Understanding how e-cigarette and cigarette users differ may inform youth tobacco use prevention efforts and advise future studies assessing probability of progression of cigarette and e-cigarette use.
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Addictive behaviors · Apr 2019
Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes.
Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites. ⋯ Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products, especially among at-risk populations such as youth.