The New England journal of medicine
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To test the hypothesis that the reduction in tar and nicotine content of cigarette smoke that began in the 1950s should be reflected by the histologic changes in the bronchial epithelium of cigarette smokers, 20, 424 sections taken at autopsy from the bronchial tubes of 445 men (non-lung-cancer deaths) were examined microscopically in random order. There were 211 men who died in 1955-1960, of whom 154 smoked regularly, and 234 men who died in 1970-1977, of whom 181 were regular smokers. ⋯ Sections with advanced histologic changes in those dying in 1955-1960 occurred in 0 per cent of nonsmokers, in 2.6 per cent of those smoking one to 19 cigarettes a day, in 13.2 per cent of those smoking 20 to 39 and in 22.5 per cent of those smoking 40+ cigarettes a day. In those who died in 1970-1977 the percentages were 0, 0.1, 0.8, and 2.2, respectively.
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Letter Clinical Trial
Ethical questions in chemotherapy of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
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Editorial Comparative Study
The hazards of fallout or of epidemiologic research?