International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Radiomics describes the extraction of multiple, otherwise invisible, features from medical images that, with bioinformatic approaches, can be used to provide additional information that can predict underlying tumor biology and behavior. ⋯ Although at an early stage of development, with many technical challenges remaining and a need for standardization, promise nevertheless exists that PET radiomics will contribute to personalized medicine, especially with the availability of increased computing power and the development of machine-learning approaches for imaging.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2018
ReviewRadiomics in Nuclear Medicine Applied to Radiation Therapy: Methods, Pitfalls, and Challenges.
Radiomics is a recent area of research in precision medicine and is based on the extraction of a large variety of features from medical images. In the field of radiation oncology, comprehensive image analysis is crucial to personalization of treatments. A better characterization of local heterogeneity and the shape of the tumor, depicting individual cancer aggressiveness, could guide dose planning and suggest volumes in which a higher dose is needed for better tumor control. ⋯ These difficulties mostly pertain to the variability of the imaging features as a function of the acquisition device and protocol, the robustness of the models with respect to that variability, and the interpretation of the radiomic models. Addressing the impact of the variability in acquisition and reconstruction protocols is needed, as is harmonizing the radiomic feature calculation methods, to ensure the reproducibility of studies in a multicenter context and their implementation in a clinical workflow. In this review, we explain the potential impact of positron emission tomography radiomics for radiation therapy and underline the various aspects that need to be carefully addressed to make the most of this promising approach.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2018
Multicenter Study Comparative StudySingle-Dose Daily Fractionation Is Not Inferior to Twice-a-Day Fractionated Total-Body Irradiation Before Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Leukemia: A Useful Practice Simplification Resulting From the SARASIN Study.
Total-body irradiation (TBI) is a major constituent of myeloablative conditioning regimens. The standard technique consists of 12 Gy in 6 fractions over a period of 3 days. The Standard-fractionation compAred to one-daily fRaction total body irrAdiation prior to tranSplant In LEUkemia patieNts (SARASIN) study aimed to compare standard fractionation with once-daily fractionation before transplant in leukemia. ⋯ We showed that the 12-Gy fractionated TBI dose delivered either in 2 fractions or in 1 fraction per day over a period of 3 to 4 days resulted in nonsignificant differences in disease control and survival. However, 1-day fractionation may be associated with a higher risk of mucositis and hemorrhagic cystitis. The absence of a significant difference in the SM incidence in the non-T-cell-depleted group should be interpreted with caution in the context of a retrospective study design. Our findings are important to consider for radiation therapy department organization. In-depth analyses of other nonlethal toxicities and late effects are required.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2018
Multicenter StudyLong-Term Outcomes of a Phase 2 Trial of Chemotherapy With Consolidative Radiation Therapy for Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Recent data indicate consolidative radiation therapy improves progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data on long-term outcomes are limited. ⋯ For patients with oligometastatic NSCLC, chemotherapy followed by consolidative radiation therapy without maintenance chemotherapy was associated with encouraging long-term outcomes.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Nov 2018
Surveying Retracted Studies and Notices Within the Field of Radiation Oncology.
The purpose of this study was to characterize retracted studies within the field of radiation oncology. ⋯ A retracted study within the field of radiation oncology remains a relatively uncommon event. Although promising, our data suggest that the majority of these retracted articles continue to be cited as valid research. As such, there is still a need for clinicians to remain vigilant with their academic rigor and good clinical research practices. There is an urgent need for publication houses to foster universal publishing standards along with discipline-specific retraction guidelines.