The American journal of sports medicine
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Overhead-throwing athletes have increased external and diminished internal glenohumeral rotation that may alter glenohumeral kinematics. ⋯ Significant changes in glenohumeral motion occur in this model during the simulated late-cocking and follow-through phases of throwing. In this model, posterior capsular tightness alters the humeral head position most profoundly during the deceleration and follow-through phases of throwing.
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The effect of arthroscopic rotator interval closure on glenohumeral motion and translation is not well understood, nor is the ideal location or number of sutures required for closure. ⋯ This study suggests that the initial effect of arthroscopic rotator interval closure on anterior translation of the shoulder will be similar whether 1 or 2 sutures are used. In vivo studies are necessary to determine if the effect of these 2 methods would be the same over time.
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The role of knee bracing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions is controversial. ⋯ Because of the increased risk of subsequent knee injury in nonbraced skiers, the authors recommend functional bracing for skiers with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Whether the protective effect of functional bracing can be extrapolated to other high-demand patients is yet to be determined.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
The "value added" of neurocognitive testing after sports-related concussion.
Neurocognitive testing has been endorsed as a "cornerstone" of concussion management by recent Vienna and Prague meetings of the Concussion in Sport Group. Neurocognitive testing is important given the potential unreliability of athlete self-report after injury. Relying only on athletes' reports of symptoms may result in premature return of athletes to contact sport, potentially exposing them to additional injury. ⋯ Reliance on patients' self-reported symptoms after concussion is likely to result in underdiagnosis of concussion and may result in premature return to play. Neurocognitive testing increases diagnostic accuracy when used in conjunction with self-reported symptoms.
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The results of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are limited in the current literature, and no studies have previously documented the outcome of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using solely hamstring tendon grafts. ⋯ Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon graft and interference screw fixation affords acceptable results at a minimum of 5 years' follow-up. Good objective results can be obtained, but subjectively, the results appear inferior to those of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the literature, which may be related to the high incidence of articular surface damage in this patient population. We recommend that, when available, hamstring tendon autografts should be considered for revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.