The American journal of sports medicine
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The incidence, morphologic characteristics, and cross-sectional area of meniscofemoral ligaments of the knee are still not clarified. ⋯ The meniscofemoral ligaments contributed significantly to the cross-sectional area of the posterior cruciate ligament complex.
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There are growing concerns about thermal chondroplasty using radiofrequency energy to treat partial-thickness cartilage defects. However, most studies emphasize effects on chondrocyte viability, and other factors such as mechanical properties are less studied. ⋯ Further animal as well as clinical studies will be necessary to fully evaluate the long-term effects of radiofrequency energy.
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Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has been demonstrated to be beneficial for accelerating fracture healing, delayed union, nonunion, and soft tissue repair. ⋯ These results may help establish treatment efficacy for accelerating bone-to-tendon junction repair and facilitating earlier rehabilitation.
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Catastrophic cervical spine injuries in football are rare but tragic events. ⋯ The total number of quadriplegic events for high school and college football players is approximately 6 per year, with a higher incidence at the college level. Cervical cord neurapraxia can be caused by hyperflexion, hyperextension, and axial compression forces. Upper level cervical injuries involving the atlas and axis can occur in football players and may be associated with noncontiguous subaxial injuries.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Continuous femoral nerve block versus intra-articular injection for pain control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Continuous femoral nerve blocks have been recommended for postoperative pain control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. ⋯ Continuous femoral block with ropivacaine appeared to have no clinical advantage in the immediate postoperative period after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when compared with an intra-articular injection of bupivacaine/morphine. Both methods are effective for pain control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.