The American journal of sports medicine
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Lesions of the biceps pulley and instability of the long head of the biceps tendon are common diagnoses in patients with anterior shoulder pain. ⋯ Pulley lesions are fairly common in patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery and were found in 32.4% of this prospective cohort (67 of 207). Current consensus indicates that pulley lesions are often associated with rotator cuff tears. This series also showed correlations with superior labral anterior posterior tears, biceps instability, and long head of the biceps tendon tears.
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Rotator cuff tendon heals by formation of an interposed zone of fibrovascular scar tissue. Recent studies demonstrate that transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β(3)) is associated with tissue regeneration and "scarless" healing, in contrast to scar-mediated healing that occurs with TGF-β(1). ⋯ The delivery of TGF-β(3) with an injectable Ca-P matrix at the supraspinatus tendon footprint has promise to improve healing after soft tissue repair.