The Journal of hand surgery
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Comparative Study
AO-wrist arthrodesis: with and without arthrodesis of the third carpometacarpal joint.
The incorporation of the third carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ-3) during wrist arthrodesis is controversial. This retrospective study of 146 consecutive wrist arthrodeses with AO plate fixation specifically addresses this question. In 79 wrist arthrodeses the CMCJ-3 was also arthrodesed, and in 67 the CMCJ-3 was simply bridged. ⋯ Eleven of these were painful and further surgical treatment was required. In contrast, of 34 wrists with the CMCJ-3 bridged all but one remained free of symptoms after the plate had been removed. We conclude that the CMCJ-3 must not be included in the arthrodesis when performing an AO-wrist arthrodesis.
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Ulnar-sided injuries of the wrist have received more attention recently for their potential negative impact on the outcome of distal radius fractures. Radiographs and medical records were retrospectively reviewed for 166 distal radius fractures treated during a 1-year interval. Distal radius fractures were classified according to the AO system, and accompanying ulnar styloid fractures were evaluated for both size and displacement. ⋯ The distribution of ulnar styloid fractures was not random; greater than one third involved the base. All distal radius fractures complicated by distal radioulnar joint instability were accompanied by an ulnar styloid fracture. A fracture at the ulnar styloid's base and significant displacement of an ulnar styloid fracture were found to increase the risk of distal radioulnar joint instability.
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The purpose of this study was to quantify the strain of the median nerve and the ulnar nerve throughout upper-extremity positioning sequences used by clinicians to evaluate nerve dysfunction. A microstrain gauge was used to quantify strain and digital calipers were used to assess nerve excursion in 4, fresh, intact cadavers. Data analysis of noncontinuous motion trials showed that the median nerve tension test caused a maximum summative strain in the median nerve at the carpal tunnel of 7.6%, with the largest increase in strain during elbow extension (3.5%). ⋯ The ulnar-nerve tension test caused a maximum summative strain in the ulnar nerve of 2.1%, with the largest increase in strain during shoulder abduction (0.9%). Some components of the ulnar-nerve tension test decreased strain in the median nerve. These cadaver findings lend support to the use of upper-extremity positioning sequences in the clinic to induce nerve strain during evaluation of nerve dysfunction.