Spine
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Correlation of torso scan and three-dimensional radiographic data in 65 scans of 40 subjects. ⋯ Neural-network analysis of full-torso scan imaging shows promise to accurately estimate scoliotic spinal deformity in a variety of patients.
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The biomechanical behavior of a single lumbar vertebral body after various surgical treatments with acrylic vertebroplasty was parametrically studied using finite-element analysis. ⋯ Only a small amount of bone cement ( approximately 15% volume fraction) is needed to restore stiffness to predamage levels, and greater filling can result in substantial increase in stiffness well beyond the intact level. Such overfilling also renders the system more sensitive to the placement of the cement because asymmetric distributions with large fills can promote single-sided load transfer and thus toggle. These results suggest that large fill volumes may not be the most biomechanically optimal configuration, and an improvement might be achieved by use of lower cement volume with symmetric placement.
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Clinical Trial
Initial outcome and efficacy of "kyphoplasty" in the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.
An Institutional Review Board-approved Phase I efficacy study of inflatable bone tamp usage in the treatment of symptomatic osteoporotic compression fractures. ⋯ The inflatable bone tamp was efficacious in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Kyphoplasty is associated with early clinical improvement of pain and function as well as restoration of vertebral body height in the treatment of painful osteoporotic compression fractures.
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Clinical Trial
Prospective dynamic functional evaluation of gait and spinal balance following spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Prospective evaluation of gait and spinal-pelvic balance parameters in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing a spinal fusion. ⋯ Patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing spinal fusion show slightly decreased gait speed at 2 years postoperation without any change in lower extremity kinematics. Spinal-pelvic balance parameters are improved in the coronal plane and unchanged in the sagittal plane radiographically and during standing posture and gait. Transverse plane parameters also are improved at maximum shoulder rotation during gait.
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Comparative Study
An ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of a hydroxyapatite cement for use with vertebroplasty.
Comparative ex vivo biomechanical study. ⋯ All three materials tested restored or increased vertebral body strength, but none restored stiffness. Both new materials show promise for use in percutaneous vertebroplasty, but they need clinical evaluation.