Spine
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A cross-sectional study of 9413 adolescents. ⋯ Children with high isometric muscle endurance were less likely to report back pain. No other measures of physical fitness or level of self-reported physical activity were linked to back pain reporting.
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Comparative Study
The effects of rod contouring on spinal construct fatigue strength.
In vitro fatigue loading using a corpectomy model outfitted with posterior pedicle screw instrumentation. ⋯ Intraoperative rod contouring using a French Bender significantly reduces the fatigue life of titanium spinal constructs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Cost-effectiveness of two self-care interventions to reduce disability associated with back pain.
Two randomized, controlled trials. ⋯ Both the lay and psychologist interventions were associated with modest improvements in outcomes but with somewhat higher costs compared to usual care.
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Clinical Trial
The position of the aorta relative to the spine before and after anterior instrumentation in right thoracic scoliosis.
Preoperative magnetic resonance images (MRI) and postoperative axial computed tomography (CT) scans in 25 consecutive patients with idiopathic right thoracic adolescent scoliosis (AIS) and anterior correction and fusion with a dual rod system were analyzed in a prospective study. ⋯ This MRI and CT based study of 25 patients with thoracic AIS treated by standard open dual rod and dual screw instrumentation demonstrates a migration of the aorta by 31 degrees from a more posterolateral position before surgery to a more anteromedial position after surgery at the curve apex. Scoliosis surgeons should be aware of these changes; any excessive contralateral screw penetration must be avoided at any level.
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Prospective, blinded validation study of an objective, quantitative measure to assess maximum canal compromise (MCC) and maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC) in individuals with acute cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ Our results indicate that the intraobserver reliability for the MCC and MSCC was high. Although the interobserver reliability for all three radiologic parameters in the present study was below 0.75, the observed differences were small and largely accounted for by the limitations in the precision of the calibrated ruler. For cases with minimal cord compression, the measurement of canal stenosis (MCC) proved more accurate. In contrast, in cases with severe cord compression, the assessment of MSCC was more accurate. It is anticipated that the use of digital imaging technologies will further enhance the precision of these outcome measures.