Spine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Circumferential fusion is dominant over posterolateral fusion in a long-term perspective: cost-utility evaluation of a randomized controlled trial in severe, chronic low back pain.
Cost-utility evaluation of a randomized, controlled trial with a 4- to 8-year follow-up. ⋯ Circumferential fusion is dominant over instrumented posterolateral fusion, that is, both being significantly cheaper and significantly better in a long-term, societal perspective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of low-dose ketamine on voltage requirement for transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials in children.
Randomized controlled trial. OBJECTIVE.: To determine the effect of low-dose ketamine on the voltage needed to elicit maximal amplitude of the motor-evoked response to transcranial electrical stimulation during propofol/remifentanil anesthesia in children undergoing scoliosis surgery. ⋯ Addition of low-dose ketamine to propofol/remifentanil anesthesia does not significantly reduce the voltage needed to elicit maximum amplitude of the motor-evoked response to transcranial electrical stimulation.
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An in vitro biomechanical study. ⋯ Extrapolation of the present results indicated dynamic spinal cord compression of up to 88% in those with stenotic canals and 35% in those with normal canal diameters. These results are consistent with the wide range of neurologic injury severity observed clinically due to bilateral facet dislocation.
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Retrospective morphometric population study. ⋯ Achondroplastic pedicle morphology differs markedly from those of the normal spine: chord lengths are substantially shorter, pedicles are inclined cranially, pedicle starting points diverge progressively in the lumbar spine, and pedicle shape transitions from vertically to horizontally oriented ellipsoids along the lumbar spine. Consideration of this variation could maximize the effectiveness and safety of pedicle instrumentation.