Spine
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Cross-sectional. ⋯ N/A.
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Comparative Study
Kinematic and mechanical comparisons of lumbar hybrid fixation using Dynesys and Cosmic systems.
The biomechanical effects of Dynesys and Cosmic fixators on transition and adjacent segments were evaluated using the finite-element method. ⋯ N/A.
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Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. ⋯ 4.
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A retrospective analysis of a case series was performed. ⋯ 4.
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In vivo human volunteer study of the intervertebral postural changes and muscle activity levels while tensing the neck muscles. ⋯ N/A.