Spine
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A case-control study. ⋯ Paraspinal approach is a good manner to protect deep extensor muscles; the two modified LPs have similar effects on clinical outcomes.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Multicenter Study
Assessment of Adult Spinal Deformity Complication Timing and Impact on Two-Year Outcomes Using a Comprehensive Adult Spinal Deformity Classification System.
Retrospective review of prospectively collected multicenter registry data. ⋯ Surgeons should recognize that long-term complications have a substantial negative impact on HRQoL, and should carefully monitor for implant-related and radiographic complications over long-term follow-up.Level of Evidence: 4.
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An analytical cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) study. ⋯ By using an accurate measuring tool, we found an association of the deep and superficial neck muscles' CSA with upper extremities' pain and disability. When performing manual work, a special load is placed on the shoulders and neck muscles. Future research should focus on examining the effectiveness of exercise-type intervention programs to strengthen the deep neck and upper extremities' muscles in order to prevent muscle fatigue.Level of Evidence: 2.
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Cohort study. ⋯ DA provides good clinical outcome at 2-year follow-up in patients with LSS and DS with low rate of intra- and postoperative complications and subsequent surgery. Our data supports the evidence that DA is effective and safe for LSS with DS.Level of Evidence: 3.
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Retrospective multicenter study. ⋯ The intervertebral level of stenosis did not affect surgical outcomes after posterior decompression for CSM.Level of Evidence: 3.