Spine
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Retrospective study. ⋯ Level-III.
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Global cross-sectional survey. ⋯ The AO Spine Sacral Injury Classification System offers a validated hierarchical system to approach sacral injuries. Through multispecialty and global surgeon input, a surgical algorithm was developed to determine appropriate operative indications for sacral trauma. Further validation is required, but this algorithm provides surgeons across the world with the basis for discussion and the development of standards of care and treatment.
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A retrospective case series. ⋯ We found unintended tissue injury during LLIF was associated with thigh symptoms. We found that hematoma in the psoas major muscle and cage malposition were the factors associated with thigh symptoms and muscle weakness, respectively.