Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · Jul 2008
Role of near work in myopia: findings in a sample of Australian school children.
To examine the association of time spent in near work and reading with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) in a population-based sample of 12-year-old Australian schoolchildren. ⋯ Although myopia was not significantly associated with time spent in near work after adjustment for other factors, there were significant independent associations with close reading distance and continuous reading. These associations may indicate that the intensity rather than the total duration of near work is an important factor.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · Jul 2008
Visual disability, visual function, and myopia among rural chinese secondary school children: the Xichang Pediatric Refractive Error Study (X-PRES)--report 1.
To evaluate visual acuity, visual function, and prevalence of refractive error among Chinese secondary-school children in a cross-sectional school-based study. ⋯ Visual disability in this population was common, highly correctable, and frequently uncorrected. The impact of refractive error on self-reported visual function was significant. Strategies and studies to understand and remove barriers to spectacle wear are needed.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · Jul 2008
Upregulated IL-23 and IL-17 in Behçet patients with active uveitis.
Behçet disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease presumably caused by an autoimmune response. The interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway has been demonstrated to be involved in the development and maintenance of certain inflammatory diseases. This study was designed to investigate the role of IL-23 and IL-17 in BD. ⋯ These findings reveal that the levels of IL-23, IL-17, and IFN-gamma are elevated in BD patients with active uveitis, and they suggest that the IL-23/IL-17 pathway together with IFN-gamma is associated with the active intraocular inflammation in BD patients.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · Jun 2008
17-AAG and 17-DMAG-induced inhibition of cell proliferation through B-Raf downregulation in WT B-Raf-expressing uveal melanoma cell lines.
The HSP90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) has been shown to have promising results in antitumor activity through the degradation of the activated V600E mutant of B-Raf (V600E B-Raf) in cutaneous melanoma cell lines. It has different effects, however, on the wild-type form of B-Raf (WT B-Raf), according to the WT B-Raf activation levels in the tumor cells. Uveal melanoma cells express WT B-Raf and only rarely express V600E B-Raf. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of HSP90 inhibition on uveal melanoma cell lines. ⋯ These results suggest that targeting HSP90 in tandem with c-Kit inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach to uveal melanoma.
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Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · May 2008
In vivo retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography predicts visual recovery after surgery for parachiasmal tumors.
Restoration of visual function after neurosurgery for parachiasmal tumors is variable and unpredictable. The current study was conducted to determine whether in vivo retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements predict the visual recovery of such patients. ⋯ Patients who have objectively measurable RNFL loss at the time of surgery for chiasmal compressive lesions are less likely to have return of VA or VF after surgery.