Clinical therapeutics
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect on the development of ankle edema of adding delapril to manidipine in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a three-way crossover study.
Use of the combination of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and a calcium channel blocker (CCB) is considered a rational approach in patients whose hypertension is not controlled by monotherapy, providing better blood pressure (BP) control than the individual components with a lower incidence of adverse effects. In particular, such combinations have been found to reduce the incidence of ankle edema, the most common adverse effect of dihydropyridine annhypertensives. ⋯ In these patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, the addition of delapril to manidipine partially counteracted the manidipine-induced microcirculatory changes responsible for ankle edema.
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2007
Comparative StudyA comparison of costs and hospital length of stay associated with intravenous/oral linezolid or intravenous vancomycin treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by suspected or confirmed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in elderly US patients.
This study compared the costs and hospital length of stay (LOS) and duration of intravenous therapy associated with intravenous/oral linezolid or intravenous vancomycin treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs) caused by suspected or confirmed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in elderly US patients. ⋯ In this analysis of data from elderly patients with cSSTI caused by suspected or confirmed MRSA, linezolid treatment was associated with reductions in the costs of care, LOS, and duration of intravenous treatment without affecting the clinical outcomes. Although the use of a subset of patients from a larger trial that did not focus on the elderly can be seen as a study limitation, the elderly represent an important population when evaluating health care resource use and costs.
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyEffects of parecoxib and dipyrone on platelet aggregation in patients undergoing meniscectomy: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study.
Based on a PubMed search of the literature using the terms parecoxib, platelets, thromboxane, bleeding, and platelet aggregation, the effects of parecoxib on platelet function have not fully been established under clinical conditions. ⋯ Platelet aggregation and TxB(2) formation were significantly lower for 6 hours in dipyronetreated patients compared with parecoxib-treated patients. In contrast, TxB(2) formation was increased with parecoxib 6 hours after administration compared with pretreatment values. In this small study, parecoxib did not affect platelet aggregation in a population of patients undergoing routine partial meniscectomy (or a similar arthroscopic procedure) under clinical conditions.
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and tolerability of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (NRP-104) in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, forced-dose, parallel-group study.
Lisdexamfetamme dimesylate (LDX) is a therapeutically inactive amphetamine prodrug. It was developed with the goal of providing an extended duration of effect that is consistent throughout the day, with a reduced potential for abuse, overdose toxicity, and drug tampering. Following ingestion, the pharmacologically active d-amphetamine molecule is gradually released by rate-limited hydrolysis. ⋯ In this population of children with ADHD, treatment once daily with the prodrug LDX at doses of 30 to 70 mg appeared to be effective and had a tolerability profile similar to those of currently marketed extended-release stimulants.
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized, double-blind, celecoxib- and placebo-controlled study of the effectiveness of CS-706 in acute postoperative dental pain.
CS-706 is a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitor with an in vitro selectivity ratio (COX-1:COX-2) similar to that of celecoxib. It has exhibited analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties in animal models. ⋯ Single doses of CS-706 had significant analgesic efficacy compared with celecoxib and placebo in the relief of postoperative dental pain in the healthy subjects enrolled in this study.