Revista de neurologia
-
Revista de neurologia · Feb 2015
Case Reports[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated to natalizumab: the importance of magnetic resonance imaging in its early diagnosis].
Natalizumab is a drug used in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its main side effect is the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Since this is potentially fatal or disabling, treatment must be stopped immediately if it is suspected, taking into account the possible later development of immune reconstitution syndrome or renewed exacerbation of MS. ⋯ This case indicates the importance of close clinico-radiological monitoring in patients with MS treated with natalizumab, especially when they present risk factors for the development of PML, as well as its potential incidence on survival and final functional status.
-
Revista de neurologia · Feb 2015
Multicenter Study[Electrical status epilepticus during sleep: a retrospective multi-centre study of 29 cases].
Electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) is an epileptic syndrome characterised by the presence of very persistent slow spike-wave-type epileptic discharges during non-REM sleep. The management of this pathology, today, is heterogeneous and no controlled studies have been conducted with the treatments employed; similarly, whether or not they improve patients' cognitive development or not has still to be determined. ⋯ The developmental neuropsychological prognosis is usually unfavourable and the cognitive development seems to be related with the duration of ESES and the area where the epileptic activity is concentrated, which suggests that the poor prognosis can be avoided if treatment is established at an early stage. The antiepileptic drugs that are most commonly used are valproic acid, ethosuximide and levetiracetam, and in our milieu clobazam and lamotrigine were commonly employed. The most effective drugs for controlling ESES were corticoids/ACTH, clobazam and levetiracetam.