Der Internist
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Inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporters type 2 (SGLT-2) are a class of oral antidiabetic drugs with a novel specific mode of action in the kidneys. ⋯ Outcome trials with SGLT-2 inhibitors have collectively demonstrated cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects in patients with type 2 diabetes and high CV risk. The use of SGLT-2 inhibitors is recommended in current guidelines and consensus statements as primary combination partners for metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and established CV disease, high CV risk, heart failure or kidney disease.
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Iodinated contrast is essential for diagnosis and treatment in contemporary interventional cardiology. An important complication of percutaneous intervention is contrast-induced nephropathy, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, while prolonged hospitalization is responsible for economic consequences. ⋯ Interventions to improve outcomes of established acute kidney injury have not been developed as yet. Prevention and early diagnosis are relevant factors in clinical management. It is important to identify patients at risk and to treat them preemptively.