AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of Low-Dose Higher-Relaxivity and Standard-Dose Lower-Relaxivity Contrast Media for Delayed-Enhancement MRI: A Blinded Randomized Crossover Study.
The gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent gadobenate dimeglumine has nearly twice the MR relaxivity of gadopentetate dimeglumine at 1.5 T. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a lower dose (0.1 mmol/kg) of gadobenate dimeglumine can be used to obtain delayed-enhancement MR images comparable to those obtained with a standard dose (0.2 mmol/kg) of gadopentetate dimeglumine. ⋯ Qualitatively and quantitatively, delayed-enhancement MR images of ischemic myocardium obtained with 0.1 mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine are comparable to those obtained with 0.2 mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine 5, 10, and 20 minutes after contrast administration.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 2015
Multicenter StudyProspective Cohort Study of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis in Patients With Stage 3-5 Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing MRI With Injected Gadobenate Dimeglumine or Gadoteridol.
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and moderate-to-severe impairment of kidney function who had not previously been exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) or referred to undergo contrast-enhanced MRI with gadobenate dimeglumine or gadoteridol. ⋯ To our knowledge, and consistent with reports in the literature, no association of gadobenate dimeglumine or gadoteridol with unconfounded cases of NSF has yet been established. Study data confirm that both gadoteridol and gadobenate dimeglumine properly belong to the class of GBCAs considered to be associated with the lowest risk of NSF.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 2015
Relationship Between Emphysema Severity and the Location of Lung Cancer in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.
New phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on emphysema severity have been recognized recently. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between emphysema severity (phenotype) and lung cancer location in patients with COPD. ⋯ Lower emphysema grades and reduced FEV1/FVC seemed to be independent predictors of central location of lung cancer in COPD. Therefore, in patients with COPD with lower grade emphysema and airway-predominant disease, additional screening tools may have to be considered for central lung cancer detection along with thin-section CT.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Sep 2015
Acute Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: Temporal Lung Changes Observed on the Chest Radiographs of 55 Patients.
The objective of our study was to describe lung changes on serial chest radiographs from patients infected with the acute Middle East respiratory syndrome corona-virus (MERS-CoV) and to compare the chest radiographic findings and final outcomes with those of health care workers (HCWs) infected with the same virus. Chest radiographic scores and comorbidities were also examined as indicators of a fatal outcome to determine their potential prognostic value. ⋯ Ground-glass opacity in a peripheral location was the most common abnormality noted on chest radiographs. A higher chest radiographic score coupled with a high number of medical comorbidities was associated with a poor prognosis and higher mortality in those infected with MERS-CoV. Younger HCWs with few or no comorbidities had a higher survival rate.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Aug 2015
Pediatric Emergency CT Scans at a Children's Hospital and at Community Hospitals: Radiation Technical Factors Are an Important Source of Radiation Exposure.
This article compares the technical factors-in particular, tube current and voltage-and the resultant exposure to radiation associated with CT examinations performed at a children's hospital and at more general community hospital emergency departments (EDs). ⋯ The results of this study suggest that a large proportion of children who undergo CT at community hospitals receive relatively higher radiation doses than children who undergo CT at children's hospitals. This finding is related to the higher tube settings (in particular, kilovoltage) used at community hospitals.