AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jun 2015
Comparative StudyCT of Anatomic Variants of the Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity: Poor Correlation With Radiologically Significant Rhinosinusitis but Importance in Surgical Planning.
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of sinonasal anatomic variants and to assess their relation to sinonasal mucosal disease. ⋯ Analysis of every routine CT scan of the paranasal sinuses obtained for sinusitis or rhinitis for the presence of different anatomic variants is of questionable value unless surgery is planned.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jun 2015
Projected Effects of Radiation-Induced Cancers on Life Expectancy in Patients Undergoing CT Surveillance for Limited-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Markov Model.
Patients with limited-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) undergo frequent posttreatment surveillance CT examinations, raising concerns about the cumulative magnitude of radiation exposure. The purpose of this study was to project radiation-induced cancer risks relative to competing risks of HL and account for the differential timing of each. ⋯ Given the low rate of radiation-induced cancer deaths associated with CT surveillance, modest CT benefits would justify its use in patients with limited-stage HL.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jun 2015
Incidence of CT Contrast Agent-Induced Nephropathy: Toward a More Accurate Estimation.
Acute kidney injury is common among hospitalized patients and likely leads to inflated reports of the incidence of CT contrast agent-induced nephropathy as a cause of acute kidney injury. For a more accurate estimation, we compared the incidence of acute kidney injury immediately after contrast agent administration and a few days afterward in the same population. We also controlled for a creatinine level increase starting before and continuing after CT, which may be incorrectly associated with the scan itself. ⋯ There appears to be a minimal risk of CT contrast agent-induced nephropathy at mild to moderate levels of renal dysfunction.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jun 2015
Estimates of diagnostic reference levels for pediatric peripheral and abdominal fluoroscopically guided procedures.
The objective of our study was to survey radiation dose indexes of pediatric peripheral and abdominal fluoroscopically guided procedures from which estimates of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) can be proposed for both a standard fluoroscope and a novel fluoroscope with advanced image processing and lower radiation dose rates. ⋯ Estimates of dose indexes of pediatric peripheral and abdominal fluoroscopically guided, clinical procedures should assist in the development of DRLs to foster management of radiation doses of pediatric patients.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2015
ReviewRevisiting neuroimaging of abusive head trauma in infants and young children.
The purpose of this article is to use a mechanism-based approach to review the neuroimaging findings of abusive head trauma to infants. Advanced neuroimaging provides insights into not only the underlying mechanisms of craniocerebral injuries but also the long-term prognosis of brain injury for children on whom these injuries have been inflicted. ⋯ Knowledge of the traumatic mechanisms, the key neuroimaging findings, and the implications of functional imaging findings should help radiologists characterize the underlying causes of the injuries inflicted, thereby facilitating effective treatment.