Pathologie-biologie
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Pathologie-biologie · Jun 1995
[Effects of azithromycin on the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa].
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a saprophyte opportunistic bacteria which frequently colonizes the respiratory tract of patients presenting a severe chronic bronchitis pathology. Secreting a number of exotoxins and enzymes inducing an inflammation and necrosing of the surrounding tissues, it provokes irreversible pulmonary lesions. ⋯ In vivo, some patients suffering from bronchiolitis or cystic fibrosis have been clinically improved with a treatment using erythromycin, or clarithromycin or azithromycin. These very preliminary results demand to be confirmed but the macrolides could allow a decrease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity and thus stop the deterioration of pulmonary functions.
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Pathologie-biologie · Mar 1994
Review[Bias of index of T-lymphocytes and chronic inflammatory dermatoses].
The pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is still not understood. The hypothesis that a bias in the T cell receptor repertoire could explain the susceptibility of some individuals to a particular disease was recently proposed on the basis of results obtained in animal models of human diseases. In this review, we focus on the structure of the T cell receptor and on the new insights in the study of the T cell repertoire in human inflammatory diseases, with special emphasis to skin disorders.
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Pathologie-biologie · Mar 1994
ReviewThe rationale for xenotransplantation as a solution to the donor organ shortage.
This paper describes the current level of activity in organ transplantation and illustrates that human organ donors are never going to be sufficiently numerous to fill the clinical needs of potential organ recipients. Xenografts are proposed as an alternative solution and arguments are presented to suggest that xenografts from primates to man will not be an appropriate organ source in most cases. Finally the possibility of genetically engineering a pig to provide organs for human use is proposed.
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Pathologie-biologie · Apr 1993
[In vitro study of the sensitivity to antibiotics of 213 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in an intensive care unit of the Sfax Hospital (Tunisia)].
Susceptibility of 213 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in a general intensive care unit during two years 1989 and 1990 was tested against 11 antibiotics: ticarcillin (TIC), ticarcillin+clavulanic acid (TCC), cefsulodin (CFS), ceftazidime (CAZ), imipenem (IMP), gentamicin (G), tobramycin (TOB), amikacin (AN), ofloxacin (OFX), norfloxacin (NOR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk agar diffusion test and by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICS using test agar dilution. 65% of strains were isolated from respiratory tract infections. ⋯ From 1989 et 1990, the increase number of strains resistant to imipenem, amikacin and fluoroquinolones could be explained by massive use of those antibiotics. Besides their high level of resistance, strains isolated in intensive care unit ere characterized by their multiresistance: 24 strains were resistant to 8 of 11 antibiotics tested; four of them showed resistance to all antibiotics the multiresistance of those strains suggest strongly that decreased permeability could be the cause.