Pathologie-biologie
-
Pathologie-biologie · Feb 1992
Review[Culture of human melanocytes. Its contribution to the knowledge of melanocyte physiology].
Culture techniques for normal human melanocytes have been developed over the last ten years. This in vitro model for studying pigment-producing cells can be expected to provide major advances in the knowledge of cell-to-cell anc cell-to-matrix interactions, melanocyte and melanin biology, pathophysiology of pigment disorders, and malignant melanomas. Melanocyte cultures have already shed new light on keratinocyte-melanocyte interactions within the epidermal melanin unit by showing that keratinocytes produce "melanotrophic factors" which modulate growth, melanin production, and dendricity of melanocytes. ⋯ Lastly, they provide a means for investigating endocrine and paracrine mechanisms involved in the regulation of melanogenesis, including the role of melanotropins, estrogens and vitamin D. Improved knowledge of the molecular biology of melanocytes provides hope for rapid advances in the understanding of tyrosinase and posttyrosinase regulation of melanogenesis. Lastly, melanocyte cultures can be expected to find useful applications in the pathophysiologic study of pigment disorders and of pharmacologic modulation of skin pigmentation.
-
Pathologie-biologie · Sep 1988
[Initial antibacterial prophylaxis after bone marrow allograft. Pilot study with systemic vancomycin].
In 22 consecutive patients treated by allogenic bone marrow transplantation, the authors report their experience in complete gastrointestinal decontamination and prophylactic systemic vancomycin. Neither septicemia from the low digestive tract nor with Gram positive is noticed. A child developed septicemia with Capnocytophaga ochracea, resistant to vancomycin. There is no infectious death in this study and no significative toxicity is reported.
-
Pathologie-biologie · May 1987
[In vitro study of the combination of pefloxacin with other antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus group D].
The comparative susceptibility of 50 isolates of enterococci and 50 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to pefloxacin and different antibiotics was tested using MIC determination. The results showed only 6% sensitive strains of enterococci and 36% of P. aeruginosa. ⋯ The activity of the combination of pefloxacin and other antibiotics was determined by a checkerboard micromethod. Fractional concentration index (FIC and FBC) show most frequently addition, uncommonly synergy.
-
The effect of chlorhexidine baths on surface and in-depth colonization of burns was studied in 12 severely burned patients. 202 swabs and 202 biopsy specimens were cultured. Each patient was sampled before and after a daily chlorhexidine bath on several days. ⋯ However, deep flora was unchanged in almost half of cases (43.3%) and was reduced by only 1 to 2 log10 in one-third of cases (35.3%). Chlorhexidine added to baths inhibited surface bacterial growth but had an inconsistent and limited effect on in-depth colonization.