Early human development
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Early human development · Dec 2015
The sex ratio at birth in South Africa increased 9months after the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
In humans in the absence of significant stress the sex ratio at birth [males/(males+females)] is in favor of more male than female live births. ⋯ The 2010 FIFA World Cup was followed about 9months afterwards by a significant increase in the sex ratio at birth. The main mechanism driving the observed increase in the sex ratio at birth in South Africa is most likely more frequent sexual intercourse at population level during the tournament.
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Early human development · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized controlled trial to compare sleep and wake in preterm infants less than 32weeks of gestation receiving two different modes of non-invasive respiratory support.
To determine whether respiratory support via heated humidified high flow nasal cannulae (HHHFNC) results in infants <32weeks gestation spending a greater proportion of time in sleep compared to those receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). ⋯ Infants receiving HHHFNC had a higher mean activity score and spent less time in sleep than those allocated NCPAP. Further study of sleep wake activity in preterm infants receiving respiratory support is required as this may impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Early human development · Dec 2015
Neurobehavioral development prior to term-age of preterm infants and acute stressful events during neonatal hospitalization.
Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) protect preterm infants; otherwise, this is a stressful environment including painful stimuli. ⋯ The extreme preterm was exposed to higher stressful experiences than moderate and late preterm infants. However, the moderate preterm infants presented more vulnerable than the other counterparts in motor and vigor outcomes.