Early human development
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Early human development · Jun 2011
High plasma cytokine levels, white matter injury and neurodevelopment of high risk preterm infants: assessment at two years.
Controversy exists regarding association of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, neonatal morbidities and poor neurodevelopment outcome in very low birth weight infants. ⋯ There was no association of high cytokines plasma levels with poor neurodevelopment outcome at 22 to 24 months' corrected age, suggesting that elevations of plasma proinflammatory cytokines early in life do not play an important role in pathophysiology of brain injury in high risk preterm infants.
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Invasive candidiasis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in neonates and children. The incidence of invasive candidiasis is greater in children than in adults and is particularly high in neonates. Main risk factors are multiple antibiotics, central venous catheters, parenteral nutrition, immunodepression, low birth weight, fungal colonization, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Successful management of IFIs relies on early recognition and rapid initiation of effective treatment.
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Early human development · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialEarly weaning from CPAP to high flow nasal cannula in preterm infants is associated with prolonged oxygen requirement: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the better approach for weaning preterm infants from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) with or without transitioning to nasal cannula (NC). ⋯ Weaning preterm infants from NCPAP to NC is associated with increased exposure to oxygen and longer duration of respiratory support.
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Early human development · Mar 2011
Practice GuidelineNew cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines 2010: managing the newly born in delivery room.
Most newborns are born vigorous and do not require neonatal resuscitation. However, about 10% of newborns require some type of resuscitative assistance at birth. ⋯ Perinatal and neonatal health care providers must be aware of these changes in order to provide the most appropriate and evidence-based emergency interventions for newborns in the delivery room. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the main recommended changes in neonatal resuscitation at birth, according to the publication of the international Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) in the CoSTR document (based on evidence of sciences) and the new 2010 guidelines released by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC), the American Heart Association (AHA), and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).