Toxicology letters
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Harmful and potential harmful chemicals (HPHCs) and oxidative stress of macrophages are major factors responsible for smoking-caused chronic respiratory diseases. However, comparisons of HPHCs among heat not burn (HnB) product and ultra-light cigarette and their induced oxidative stress of macrophages have not been investigated. ⋯ Conclusively, most HPHCs from HnB were lower than that from ultra-light, while certain harmful chemicals were higher than ultra-light, e.g., carbonyl compounds. HnB-induced oxidative stress of macrophages is less than ultra-light cigarette.