Herz
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Noninvasive ventilation is becoming increasingly important in the treatment of acute and chronic respiratory failure. However, noninvasive ventilation not only influences respiratory failure but also cardiac (dys-)function. ⋯ This review covers the (patho-)physiological causes of hypoxic and hypercapnic respiratory insufficiency and its treatment with noninvasive ventilation. A special focus on acute and chronic effects on cardiac function will be addressed.