Journal of pediatric psychology
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To explore relationships among anxiety, anticipated pain, coping styles, postoperative pain, and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) use among adolescent surgical patients and their parents. ⋯ Findings are interpreted as suggesting a self-fulfilling prophecy in adolescents' postoperative pain experience wherein teens who expect to have high levels of postoperative pain ultimately report more pain and use more opioid PCA medication than those who report lower levels of pain.