Journal of pediatric psychology
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The aims of the study were: (a) to propose focal refinements to the cold pressor test (CPT) for the pediatric population, contributing to the development of subjective and behavioral norms; (b) to analyze the influence of personal (gender, age, and skin-fold thickness), and psychological (anxiety, depression, internalization, and externalization) variables on pain perception and its correlation with room temperature. ⋯ This study provides methodological refinements to the CPT contributing to the development of norms for children.
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The current study investigated the relationships between maternal emotional availability and infant pain expressions. ⋯ These results suggest that intrusive caregiving behaviors can increase infant pain reactivity and hinder the regulation of pain-related distress. On the other hand, sensitive and emotionally available caregiving help infants to regulate their pain-related distress. The results support that infant pain expressions are related to the quality of maternal caregiving.
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To evaluate gender as a moderator of associations between psychosocial variables and functional disability in children and adolescents with chronic pain. ⋯ In general, psychosocial factors influenced functional disability similarly in girls and boys, although some gender differences were found. Findings highlight the importance of considering child gender when evaluating factors that contribute to functional disability.
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To investigate the cognitive functioning of low-risk singletons born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) at the age of 5 or 10 years. ⋯ Most artificially conceived singletons show a normal cognitive development, however the method of fertilization seems to have an impact on their IQ. ICSI might be associated with the risk for a slightly delayed cognitive development compared to IVF.
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To assess the ability of mothers and fathers at predicting children's anxiety at anesthesia induction. ⋯ Fathers' predictions of children's anxiety were related to children's observed anxiety at anesthesia induction; mothers' predictions were not. Thus, fathers may be able to more accurately identify a need for intervention. Further research is needed to better explain discrepancies between mothers and fathers.