Ophthalmology
-
To characterize the ocular features of renal coloboma syndrome. ⋯ Ophthalmic and renal characteristics of the renal coloboma syndrome are highly variable. The need for dialysis or renal transplantation can occur early in life or several years later. A wide range of ocular abnormalities located in the posterior segment can be observed. Mild optic disc dysplasia or pit have no functional consequence and can be underdiagnosed. More severe colobomas or related abnormalities, such as morning glory anomaly, often lead to poor visual acuity. Molecular biology allows detection of the mutations in the PAX2 gene, but can be negative in approximately 50% of cases. The observation of an optic disc coloboma or related abnormality stimulates the ophthalmologist to propose simple nephrologic investigations to check for renal hypoplasia, a potentially life-threatening disease. Conversely, renal hypoplasia stimulates the nephrologist to ask for a fundus examination to confirm the diagnosis and check for complications such as retinal detachment.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Adverse intraoperative medical events and their association with anesthesia management strategies in cataract surgery.
To compare adverse medical events by different anesthesia strategies for cataract surgery. ⋯ Adjuvant intravenous anesthetic agents used to decrease pain and alleviate anxiety are associated with increases in medical events. However, cataract surgery is a safe procedure with a low absolute risk of medical complications with either topical or injection anesthesia. Clinicians should weigh the risks and benefits of their use for individual patients.
-
To describe the change in visual acuity in a 10-year period. ⋯ These data provide precise population-based estimates of the 10-year incidence of loss of vision over a wide spectrum of ages and show that decreased visual acuity in people 75 years of age after 10 years is a common finding, especially in those who are admitted to nursing or group homes.
-
Historical Article
Nyctalopia in antiquity: a review of the ancient Greek, Latin, and Byzantine literature.
To investigate the original definition and use of the term nyctalopia in ancient medical literature in view of the controversy between the English and some continental European literatures. ⋯ We propose to the ophthalmic community the use of the term nyctalopia exclusively for the description of defective dark adaptation.