Ophthalmology
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Comparative Study
Visual impairment in children born prematurely from 1972 through 1989.
To investigate the incidence and causes of visual impairment in children born prematurely in Finland from 1972 through 1989, and to determine what conditions and factors were associated with its occurrence. ⋯ Premature birth was a major risk factor of severe visual impairment and blindness in childhood. The visual impairment often was accompanied by cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and other motor and mental handicaps. Retinopathy of prematurity, optic atrophy, and cerebral amblyopia were the main diagnoses associated with visual impairment. During the 18 years covered by the study, the increasing incidence of survival of infants born weighing fewer than 1500 g was associated with increasing incidence of blindness.
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To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical anesthesia (TA) and IV sedation in surgery for less severe open-globe injury (OGI). ⋯ Topical anesthesia and IV sedation are safe and effective and could be a reasonable alternative for less severe OGI. The degree of patient discomfort is only marginal during surgery and postoperatively. However, surgical training and patient preparation are the keys to the safe use of this anesthetic modality.
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To investigate the clinical features influencing final visual acuity outcomes of eyes with positive intraocular cultures after open globe injuries. ⋯ Among eyes with positive intraocular cultures after open globe injury, the visual prognosis is guarded. Clinical features associated with better visual acuity outcomes include better presenting visual acuity, culture of a nonvirulent organism, lack of a retinal detachment, absence of clinical endophthalmitis, and shorter wound length.
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To determine the prevalence of glaucoma and risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma in a rural population of southern India. ⋯ The prevalence of glaucoma in this population is not lower than that reported for white populations elsewhere. A large proportion of those with POAG had not been previously diagnosed. One fifth of those with POAG had blindness in one or both eyes from glaucoma. Early detection of glaucoma in this population will reduce the burden of blindness in India.