The American journal of medicine
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Acute kidney injury complicates decompensated heart failure in ∼33% of cases and is associated with morbidity and mortality; thus, we sought to systematically review this topic in order to summarize novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. ⋯ The presence of acute kidney injury results in worse clinical outcomes for patients with acute heart failure. Novel biomarkers and therapies hold the promise of improving both cardiac and renal outcomes in these patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Venous thromboembolism and cardiovascular risk: results from the NAVIGATOR trial.
Contemporary studies suggest an association between venous thromboembolism and a higher incidence of major cardiovascular events, mostly attributed to arterial atherothrombosis. Using data from the Nateglinide and Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial, we assessed the association of venous thromboembolism with major cardiovascular events. ⋯ In patients with impaired glucose tolerance at high risk for cardiovascular events, the prevalence of venous thromboembolism was rare but associated with worse long-term cardiovascular outcomes, including arterial events. Venous thromboembolism is a marker of risk, and attention should be paid to this high-risk group of patients.
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Insomnia has been associated with mortality risk, but whether this association is different in subjects with persistent vs intermittent insomnia is unclear. Additionally, the role of systemic inflammation in such an association is unknown. ⋯ In a population-based cohort, persistent, and not intermittent, insomnia was associated with increased risk for all-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality and was associated with a steeper increase in inflammation.
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One of the best-studied diets for cardiovascular health is the Mediterranean diet. This consists of fish, monounsaturated fats from olive oil, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes/nuts, and moderate alcohol consumption. The Mediterranean diet has been shown to reduce the burden, or even prevent the development, of cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, depression, colorectal cancer, diabetes, obesity, asthma, erectile dysfunction, and cognitive decline. ⋯ Furthermore, the potential benefit of the Mediterranean diet or its components is not yet validated by concrete cardiovascular disease endpoints in randomized trials or observational studies. This review will focus on the effects of the whole and parts of the Mediterranean diet with regard to both population-based and experimental data highlighting cardiovascular disease morbidity or mortality and cardiovascular disease surrogates when hard outcomes are not available. Our synthesis will highlight the potential for the Mediterranean diet to act as a key player in cardiovascular disease prevention, and attempt to identify certain aspects of the diet that are particularly beneficial for cardioprotection.