The American journal of medicine
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The best first-line monotherapy for hypertension remains uncertain, as current guidelines suggest that thiazides, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB) are appropriate in the absence of specific comorbidities. We aimed to compare the outcomes of first-line antihypertensive classes in a real-life setting with a long follow-up period. ⋯ When initiating pharmacotherapy for hypertension with a single drug, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers were associated with similar risk of MI, ACS, stroke, or HF when compared to thiazides, while beta-blockers were associated with increased risk.
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Characteristics of Vaccine Safety Observational Studies and Authors' Attitudes: A Systematic Review.
Post-licensure observational studies are the mainstay of vaccine safety evaluation. However, these studies have well-known methodological limitations, rendering them particularly vulnerable to unmeasured confounding. We sought to describe high-impact observational studies of vaccine safety, investigate the authors' attitudes towards their study's findings and limitations, and report on spin practices. ⋯ Although our findings are somewhat limited by subjectivity in study assessments, they suggest that editors and reviewers of high-impact journals should ensure the language used in reporting observational studies accurately reflects the findings and their limitations.