The American journal of medicine
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Antimicrobial agents are among the most frequently prescribed medications during hospitalization. However, approximately 30% to 50% or more of inpatient antimicrobial use is unnecessary or suboptimal. ⋯ Further, we discuss supporting data to dispel each of these myths. This analysis will provide hospitalists and other clinicians with a foundation for rational decision-making about antimicrobial use and support antimicrobial stewardship efforts at both the patient and institutional levels.
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Hyperkalemia is a potentially fatal complication requiring prompt diagnosis and management. However, pseudohyperkalemia, defined as an artificial rise in serum potassium (Sk), is also an important diagnosis because management differs. ⋯ In this review, we will discuss the major causes of pseudohyperkalemia, how to avoid certain diagnostic pitfalls, and comment on the clinical importance of recognizing these false readings. We will review three clinical cases seen in our nephrology and hypertension clinic that illustrate some of these problems.
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Variation in clinicians' diagnostic test utilization is incompletely explained by demographics and likely relates to cognitive characteristics. We explored clinician factors associated with diagnostic test utilization. ⋯ Clinician variation in testing was common, with more aggressive testing consistently associated with low numeracy, being a medical maximizer, and low acknowledgment of uncertainty. Efforts to reduce undue variations in testing should consider clinician cognitive drivers.