The American journal of medicine
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Cardiovascular disease remains one of the most prevalent and preventable chronic conditions worldwide. Diet modification is the foundation of cardiovascular disease prevention. ⋯ The aim of this comprehensive review is to present objective insights into 2 of today's most popular fad diets: ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting. We will evaluate the performance of these diets based on their impact on cardiovascular risk factors.
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Previous studies demonstrated higher risk of hearing loss among cigarette smokers, but longitudinal data on whether the risk is influenced by smoking cessation are limited. We prospectively investigated relations between smoking, smoking cessation, and risk of self-reported moderate or worse hearing loss among 81,505 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2013). ⋯ The higher risk of hearing loss associated with smoking may diminish over time after quitting.
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Chest pain is a common presenting complaint in the primary care setting. Imaging plays a key role in the evaluation of the multiple organ systems that can be responsible for chest pain. ⋯ In this 2-part series, we offer resources to guide primary care physicians in the selection of imaging studies and present the imaging findings of various causes of nonemergent chest pain. In Part 2, we focus on the radiologic appearance of common noncardiac sources of chest pain, including gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal etiologies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Pragmatic Clinical Trial
Sleeping with Elevated Upper Body Does Not Attenuate Acute Mountain Sickness: Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.
Acute mountain sickness commonly occurs following ascent to high altitude and is aggravated following sleep. Cephalad fluid shifts have been implicated. We hypothesized that sleeping with the upper body elevated by 30º reduces the risk of acute mountain sickness. ⋯ Sleeping with the upper body elevated by 30° does not lead to relevant reductions in acute mountain sickness symptoms or hypoxemia at high altitude.
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Cognitive impairment and frailty are highly prevalent in older adults undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of cognitive impairment and frailty with functional recovery after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. ⋯ Preoperative cognitive function plays a vital role in functional recovery after transcatheter aortic valve replacement, regardless of baseline frailty status. Impaired cognition may increase functional decline in the absence of frailty, whereas intact cognition may mitigate the detrimental effects of frailty. Cognitive assessment should be routinely performed prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement.