The American journal of medicine
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The National Academies reported in Beyond Bias and Barriers: Fulfilling the Potential of Women in Academic Science and Engineering (2006) that "women are very likely to face discrimination." In academic medicine, gender distribution is becoming more balanced. In the federal government, women also have made progress, doubling their representation in professional positions to 44%. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has a research program and a mission to train health care professionals; however, its gender distribution has not been described. ⋯ Marked gender disparities were seen in the VA, except in Health Services Research. Organizations must investigate their practices to reveal disparities, investigate underlying factors, and intervene as needed.
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Multicenter Study
Systolic blood pressure reduction and risk of acute renal injury in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Aggressive systolic blood pressure reduction may precipitate acute renal injury because of underlying hypertensive nephropathy in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The study's objective was to determine the rate and determinants of acute renal injury during acute hospitalization among subjects with intracerebral hemorrhage using a post hoc analysis of a multicenter prospective study. ⋯ Although acute renal injury is infrequent and mild among subjects with intracerebral hemorrhage undergoing systolic blood pressure reduction, a trend in association between systolic blood pressure reduction and renal impairment was observed in this small study. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor the renal function when administering treatment to reduce systolic blood pressure in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
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We hypothesized that women with early- and mid-adult life obesity, as well as high mid-adult life waist-to-hip ratios, and high weight gain during adulthood, experience a greater incidence of gout. ⋯ In a large cohort of black and white women, obesity in early- and mid-adulthood, and weight gain during this interval, were each independent risk factors for incident gout in women.