International journal of epidemiology
-
Meta Analysis
Association between early history of asthma and COPD diagnosis in later life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Whereas most studies have reported prior history/diagnosis of asthma as an independent risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development in later life, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been conducted to synthesize these observational studies. The aim of this review is to investigate associations between prior history of asthma and later development of COPD. ⋯ Studies with high methodological quality provided sufficient evidence to suggest that individuals with previous history of asthma have an increasing likelihood of developing COPD in later life.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959-61 in early life and long-term health conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Most Chinese people over 55 years old today have experienced the Great Leap Forward Famine of 1959-61. Many reports suggested that the famine could have profound long-term health effects for exposed birth cohorts. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to summarize reported famine effects on long-term health. ⋯ Our findings suggest that uncontrolled age differences between famine and post-famine births could explain most effects commonly attributed to the famine. For more reliable estimates of long-term famine effects in China, other analyses will be needed with age-appropriate controls and better information on the severity and timing of the famine in the populations included.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Questions remain about the strength and shape of the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality, and the effects of specific types of fruit and vegetables. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify these associations. ⋯ Fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. These results support public health recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable intake for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Questions remain about the strength and shape of the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality, and the effects of specific types of fruit and vegetables. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify these associations. ⋯ Fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. These results support public health recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable intake for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of motivational interviewing interventions on medication adherence in adults with chronic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Medication adherence is frequently suboptimal in adults with chronic diseases, resulting in negative consequences. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative conversational style for strengthening a person's motivation and commitment to change. We aimed to assess whether MI interventions are effective to enhance medication adherence in adults with chronic diseases and to explore the effect of individual MI intervention characteristics. ⋯ This synthesis of RCTs suggests that MI interventions might be effective at enhancing of medication adherence in adults treated for chronic diseases. Further research is however warranted, as the observed intervention effect size was small.