Neurosurgery
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The cerebral effects of alterations in plasma osmolality (Osm) and colloid oncotic pressure (COP) were examined in normocarbic, normothermic, pentobarbital-anesthetized rabbits that had been subjected to cryogenic brain injury. Monitored variables in all animals included mean arterial, right atrial, and intracranial pressures (MAP, CVP, and ICP), electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, and cerebral blood flow (CBF). When surgical preparation was complete, a left parietal lesion was produced with liquid nitrogen. ⋯ The animals were killed by exsanguination 25 minutes after completion of plasmapheresis. The brain was removed, the hemispheres separated, weighed, and sliced, and the specific gravities (SpGr) of the regional tissue determined. There were no differences in MAP, CVP, regional CBF, or EEG activity among the groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Case Reports
Evaluation and follow-up of carotid-cavernous fistulas by transcranial Doppler sonography: illustrative case.
The availability of transcranial Doppler sonography has resulted in an easy, noninvasive, reproducible, and highly reliable method for evaluating the flow characteristics of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas. It also allows the follow-up of the effect of different interventional measures, specifically, embolization with detachable balloons. An illustrative case is reported, in which the findings of serial transcranial Doppler sonograms are correlated with findings on computed tomographic scans and angiograms. The impact of our findings on future approaches to the hemodynamic classification of these acquired vascular shunts is discussed.