Neurosurgery
-
Review Case Reports Comparative Study
Aneurysmal rupture without subarachnoid hemorrhage: case series and literature review.
Although an aneurysmal rupture typically presents on computed tomographic (CT) imaging as only subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), it may be associated with intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), or subdural hemorrhage. On rare occasions, however, an aneurysmal rupture may present with IPH or IVH without SAH. ⋯ Initial presentation of a ruptured aneurysm without SAH is rare and may have a multifactorial cause attributable to the timing of CT imaging, physiological parameters, or location of the aneurysm. Patients presenting with a head CT scan revealing IPH in the temporal lobe or with IVH should be considered for an urgent workup of a ruptured aneurysm, even in the absence of diffuse SAH.
-
Comparative Study
The simplified acute physiology score to predict outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Current prognosticators for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) do not take into account signs of extracerebral organ dysfunction. This may explain the only moderate predictive value of these prognosticators. We assessed the prognostic value of the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II in SAH patients. ⋯ The SAPS II is a useful and reliable prognosticator in SAH patients. This score may provide more information than specific SAH scales in predicting poor outcome or the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia in some circumstances.
-
Comparative Study
Penetrating civilian craniocerebral gunshot wounds: a protocol of delayed surgery.
Several factors have led to our unique approach of delayed definitive débridement. We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of our management and compare it with the existing data in the literature. ⋯ Our supportive care of patients is not optimal. We should have saved more of our patients who presented with GCS scores of 14 and 15 who subsequently died. We have been able to report unconventionally late surgical management of two-thirds of survivors, with no surgery in one-third of survivors. Despite a high rate of infectious complications, infection did not lead to death or disability. Our protocol rarely leads to patients surviving in a permanently vegetative state. In the future, we would perform early surgery for patients who present awake and continue our current management for poor-grade patients. In this way, we will improve the number of good outcomes without increasing the population of severely damaged and dependent survivors.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas: analysis of 317 patients followed more than 5 years.
Many investigators have reported successful treatment of vestibular schwannomas with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). However, long-term outcomes should be evaluated before concluding that GKRS is truly safe and effective for the treatment of vestibular schwannomas. ⋯ GKRS proved to be a safe and effective treatment for patients followed longer than 5 years who presented with tumors with a volume of less than 15 cm3 and who did not have significant fourth ventricle deviation. Good functional outcomes were observed in this group of patients.
-
Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (mitoKATP) channels are present in the brain, and several reports have shown their neuroprotective, preconditioning effect against an ischemic insult. The role of mitoKATP channels in the penumbra area has not been studied thoroughly. In a model of venous ischemia, widespread penumbra-like low flow areas are created, which are susceptible to cortical spreading depression. Thus, we studied effects of mitoKATP channels on infarct size in this model. ⋯ These results suggest that the opening of mitoKATP channels plays a major role in brain protection under penumbra-like conditions, as shown in this venous occlusion model.