Muscle & nerve
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Depression and anxiety are common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients and caregivers. ⋯ Depression and anxiety in ALS patients and their caregivers were associated closely with each other but not with physical disability or disease duration in our Chinese population.
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During lumbar flexion, the fiber orientation of the lumbar erector spinae (LES) muscle becomes oriented more along the spine compressive axis. It is unknown how changes in LES activation effect fiber orientation. ⋯ Activation magnitude and spine posture both affect LES fiber orientation, thus modifying its ability to protect the spine against anterior shear forces.