Muscle & nerve
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Cross-sectional area (CSA) reference values using ultrasonography vary widely for lower extremity peripheral nerves. In addition, there is a lack of data on the muscular branches of the tibial nerve and the anatomical variations of the sural nerve. We aimed to evaluate the ultrasonographic reference values for lower extremity peripheral nerves considering different anatomical variations and physical factors. ⋯ Fine branching from the tibial and fibular nerves and sural nerve formation may affect CSA measurements. The establishment of accurate CSA reference values requires consideration of anatomical variations in the peripheral nerves of the lower extremity.