Journal français d'ophtalmologie
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Case Reports
[Devic's neuromyelitis optica: diagnosis after 10 years of bilateral severe relapsing optic neuritis].
Neuromyelitis optica, also known as Devic's disease, is a severe idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. Neuromyelitis optica has long been thought of as a variant of multiple sclerosis; however, clinical, laboratory, immunological, and pathological characteristics that distinguish it from multiple sclerosis have now been recognized. ⋯ This case is an illustration of the new criteria in the diagnosis of NMO, underscoring the importance of the positive serum NMO-Ig G antibody to distinguish multiple sclerosis from NMO. It also emphasizes that asymptomatic brain lesions are common in NMO on brain MRIs and symptomatic brain lesions do not exclude its diagnosis.
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Case Reports
[Ophthalmologic disease in sarcoid-like granulomatosis and true sarcoidosis in immunodeficiency. Four case reports].
Granulomatosis lesions occurring after diagnosis of primary or secondary immunodeficiency are not accidental and have been described in a small number of patients suffering from various diseases: common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), malignancy (lymphoma and solid tumors), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two types of granulomatosis can appear: true sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reaction. We report four patients, two with CVID and two with malignancy, in whom clinical granulomatosis appeared a few months to a few years after diagnosis of immunodeficiency. ⋯ The underlying pathophysiology responsible for the association between granuloma formation and immunodeficiency in the same patient remains obscure. It may be quite difficult to distinguish true sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reaction. It is possible that these two entities are the clinical extremes of a common pathological process.