International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift für Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de réadaptation
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Psychometric research on widely used questionnaires aimed at measuring experiential avoidance of chronic pain has led to inconclusive results. To test the structural validity, internal consistency, and construct validity of a recently developed short questionnaire: the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II-pain version (AAQ-II-P). Cross-sectional validation study among 388 adult patients with chronic nonspecific musculoskeletal pain admitted for multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation in four tertiary rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands. ⋯ Two of the predefined hypotheses were rejected and seven were not rejected. The AAQ-II-P measures a single component and has good internal consistency, and construct validity is not rejected. Thus, the construct validity of the AAQ-II-P sum scores as indicator of experiential avoidance of pain was supported.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effect of virtual body swapping with mental rehearsal on pain intensity and body perception disturbance in complex regional pain syndrome.
The present study investigated the effects of virtual body swapping with mental rehearsal on pain intensity and body perception disturbance (BPD) in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. Patients with complex regional pain syndrome were assigned randomly to three experimental groups: the 'virtual body swapping with mental rehearsal' (VBS) group (n=13), the 'watching movement only' group (n=13), and the 'mental rehearsal only' (n=13) group. Then, pretreatment pain intensity and BPD were compared with post-treatment perceptions. ⋯ However, BPD improved significantly after treatment in the VBS group, but not in the other groups. Therefore, this study is the first to show the effects of a single session of VBS on BPD. Further studies should apply an elevated degree of immersion and create a more realistic virtual body.
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Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain can be provided on an inpatient or on an outpatient basis, but the rationale for choosing between the two programs is unknown. The aim of the study was to identify differences between patients provided inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation. It was a cross-sectional study within usual care. ⋯ In the multiple logistic analysis, five variables remained significantly different between inpatients and outpatients: inpatients were less likely to have a child aged less than 12 years and to have neck pain; their physical and social functioning were poorer; and their current pain period had lasted longer. The total explained variance was 26%. Five variables were identified as influencing the decision on inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation, but the explained variance was low.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the acute-stage and later-stage impacts of trauma on a patient, and to determine the relationship between the degree of the impact of the event and recovery of hand function in patients with traumatic hand injury. The functional status of patients was assessed by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire; psychological influence was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); and the impact of the event was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) both during the acute stage and at a later stage. Fifty-four patients completed the study. ⋯ The DASH, BDI, and IES-R scores had significant positive correlations with each other in both the acute stage and later stage (P<0.05). In the linear regression analysis, the independent variables affecting the DASH score at a later stage were the DASH and IES-R scores in the acute stage (P<0.05), whereas depression scores had no effect on functional outcome (P>0.05). Our study suggests that depression status, functional status of the hand, and impact of the event improve at a later stage, and that the functional outcome at a later stage is affected by the degree of impact of the event, and the functional status of the hand in the acute stage, in patients with traumatic hand injury.