Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
-
Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2014
ReviewShould EGFR mutations be tested in advanced lung squamous cell carcinomas to guide frontline treatment?
There is no argument over using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status to guide the frontline treatment for advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LADC); however, the role of the testing in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSQC) remains controversial. Currently, the guidelines/consensus statements regarding EGFR mutation testing in LSQC are not consistent among different oncology societies. American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends performing EGFR mutation testing in all patients; European Society for Medical Oncology, College of American Pathologists/International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/Association for Molecular Pathology, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network suggest for some selected group. ⋯ Available data showed that the response rate and progression-free survival in EGFR mutant LSQC patients treated with EGFR-TKI are not better than that observed in patients treated with platinum-doublet chemotherapy in the first-line setting. Therefore, in contrast to advanced LADC, EGFR mutation testing may not be necessarily performed upfront in advanced LSQC because not only the mutation rate is low, but also the predictive value is insufficient. For LSQC patients with known sensitizing-EGFR mutations, both conventional chemotherapy and EGFR-TKI are acceptable frontline treatment options.
-
Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2014
Multicenter StudyPhase I study of adjuvant gemcitabine or S-1 in patients with biliary tract cancers undergoing major hepatectomy: KHBO1003 study.
Standardized adjuvant therapy is not performed after major hepatectomy for biliary tract cancer (BTC) because of frequent adverse events, which may be caused by insufficient liver function. Therefore, the aim of this multicenter study (KHBO1003) was to determine the safety protocol for adjuvant chemotherapy after major hepatectomy. ⋯ We determined RDs for gemcitabine and S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy after major hepatectomy with a DLT that does not exceed 10%.
-
Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2014
Treatment of resistant metastatic melanoma using sequential epigenetic therapy (decitabine and panobinostat) combined with chemotherapy (temozolomide).
To explore the safety and tolerability of combining two epigenetic drugs: decitabine (a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) and panobinostat (a histone deacetylase inhibitor), with chemotherapy with temozolomide (an alkylating agent). The purpose of such combination is to evaluate the use of epigenetic priming to overcome resistance of melanoma to chemotherapy. ⋯ This triple agent of dual epigenetic therapy in combination with traditional chemotherapy was generally well tolerated by the cohort and appeared safe to be continued in a Phase II trial. No DLTs were observed, and MTD was not reached.