Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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To describe the emergence of targeted therapies that have led to significant breakthroughs in cancer therapy and completed or ongoing clinical trials of novel agents for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. ⋯ Combinations of targeted, immunomodulating, antiangiogenic, or chemotherapeutic agents are in clinical development. Innovative adaptive study design is used to expedite effective drug development.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Dec 2015
Elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer level is a useful predictor of chemoresistance and poor disease outcome for serous ovarian cancer patients.
To examine whether the elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in serous ovarian cancer patients. ⋯ Elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were associated with chemoresistance and poor disease outcome in serous ovarian cancer patients. Further validation of this easily available parameter as a promising prognostic biomarker for patients with SOC in prospective studies should be encouraged.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Nov 2015
Multicenter StudyPhase 1 study of oral TAS-102 in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.
To evaluate safety of TAS-102 administered twice daily (bid) on days 1-5 and 8-12 of a 4-week cycle, confirm feasibility of the Japanese recommended dose (RD), 35 mg/m(2), in Western patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) refractory to standard chemotherapies, and describe preliminary antitumor activity. ⋯ TAS-102 has an acceptable safety profile and preliminary evidence of disease stabilization in Western patients with refractory mCRC. Results from a randomized phase 3 study have shown survival benefit with disease stabilization evidence in this population.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Nov 2015
Comparative Study Clinical TrialUrinary kidney injury molecule-1 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 are noninvasive biomarkers of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in lung cancer patients.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious adverse effect of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. However, traditional markers of kidney function, such as serum creatinine, are suboptimal, because they are not sensitive measures of proximal tubular injury. We aimed to determine whether the new urinary biomarkers such as kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could detect cisplatin-induced AKI in lung cancer patients in comparison with the conventional urinary proteins such as N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β2-microglobulin. ⋯ Urinary KIM-1 and MCP-1, either alone or in combination, may represent biomarkers of cisplatin-induced AKI in lung cancer patients.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Nov 2015
A phase 1 study evaluating the pharmacokinetics and preliminary efficacy of veliparib (ABT-888) in combination with carboplatin/paclitaxel in Japanese subjects with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Veliparib is a potent, orally bioavailable PARP inhibitor that enhances efficacy of DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. The study objectives were to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RPTD) of veliparib plus carboplatin and paclitaxel, and assess pharmacokinetics (PK), tolerability, and preliminary efficacy in Japanese patients with solid tumors. ⋯ Veliparib PK was not impacted by carboplatin and paclitaxel. The safety profile was manageable. The 120 mg BID RPTD confirmed in Japanese patients is the dose being evaluated in global studies of veliparib. Preliminary efficacy suggests veliparib may enhance carboplatin and paclitaxel activity, providing benefit to patients with NSCLC.