Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jul 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of clinical outcomes and efficacy of palonosetron and granisetron in combination with dexamethasone in Egyptian patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is considered one of the most serious adverse events affecting chemotherapy-receiving cancer patients. It dramatically affects their food intake, nutritional status and more importantly their quality of life. We can observe CINV in highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) such as adriamycin-cyclophosphamide combination (AC) in breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other cancer types. This study aimed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of palonosetron (PALO) over granisetron (GRA) in combination with dexamethasone for multiple highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs (HEC), especially in chemotherapy regimens in Egyptian breast cancer patients and cisplatin-based regimens in other diseases. ⋯ Palonosetron, combined with dexamethasone, is more effective than granisetron and dexamethasone combination against both acute and delayed emesis induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) cisplatin-based protocols and the combination of cyclophosphamide and anthracyclines (AC). Medical team members should make more efforts, especially clinical pharmacy personnel, to monitor medications' effectiveness and help the medical team achieve a suitable and reliable care plan.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Nov 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialA placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study of recombinant thrombomodulin (ART-123) to prevent oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.
The purpose of this clinical study was to be the first to explore whether ART-123, a recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin, prevents oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN). ⋯ ART-123 showed a potential preventive effect against OIPN with good tolerability. A larger study with 1-day ART is warranted. NCT02792842, registration date: June 8, 2016.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialA phase I study of the PARP inhibitor niraparib in combination with bevacizumab in platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer: NSGO AVANOVA1/ENGOT-OV24.
Combining poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors with antiangiogenic agents appeared to enhance activity vs PARP inhibitors alone in a randomized phase II trial. ⋯ There was one dose-limiting toxicity; other adverse events were typical PARP inhibitor and antiangiogenic class effects. Niraparib-bevacizumab showed promising activity; Part 2 (vs bevacizumab) was recently reported and phase III comparison with standard-of-care therapy is planned.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jun 2019
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPharmacokinetic and exploratory exposure-response analysis of pertuzumab in patients with operable HER2-positive early breast cancer in the APHINITY study.
To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of, and perform an exploratory exposure-response (E-R) analysis for, pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC) within the APHINITY study (NCT01358877, BIG 4-11/BO25126/TOC4939G). ⋯ Overall, the limited available data from this exploratory study suggest that no dose adjustments are needed for pertuzumab when administered in combination with trastuzumab and an EBC chemotherapy regimen.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Apr 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of niraparib on cardiac repolarization in patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer.
Anticancer drugs may cause cardiovascular toxicities, including QT interval prolongation. Niraparib, a potent and selective once-daily oral poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, is approved as a maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer (EOC). Here, we present the effects of niraparib on cardiac repolarization, and the correlation between changes in baseline QT interval corrected by Fridericia's formula (ΔQTcF) and niraparib plasma concentrations. ⋯ Niraparib administration at the recommended daily dose of 300 mg for EOC is not associated with clinically relevant alteration of ECGs, including QTc prolongation.