Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2012
Multicenter StudyA phase II study of docetaxel plus nedaplatin in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.
Nedaplatin is a cisplatin derivative, which has similar activity to cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) when combined with vindesine, and causes less nausea/vomiting and nephrotoxicity compared with cisplatin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination chemotherapy with docetaxel plus nedaplatin in patients with metastatic NSCLC. ⋯ The combination of docetaxel plus nedaplatin was well tolerated and demonstrated potent activity in patients with metastatic NSCLC, particularly squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2012
A population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of thrombocytopenia characterizing the effect of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) on platelet counts in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.
Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate in the development for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive cancers. Thrombocytopenia (TCP) is the dose-limiting toxicity of T-DM1. A semimechanistic population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was developed to characterize the effect of T-DM1 on patient platelet counts. ⋯ This semimechanistic PK/PD model accurately captures the cycle 1 platelet nadir, the downward drift noted in some patient platelet-time profiles, and the ~8 % incidence of grade ≥3 TCP with T-DM1 3.6 mg/kg q3w. This model supports T-DM1 3.6 mg/kg q3w as a well-tolerated dose with minimal dose delays or reductions for TCP.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Sep 2012
Comparative StudyComparison of dose intensity of vincristine, d-actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for child and adult rhabdomyosarcoma: a retrospective analysis.
The prognosis of adult rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has been considered dismal. The question is raised that vincristine, d-actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) chemotherapy may not be administered as per schedule for adult RMS; consequently, low dose intensity (DI) leads to poor prognosis. Herein, we examined whether the administration of VAC chemotherapy for adults and children with RMS is feasible with regard to the DIs of VAC. ⋯ The RDIs of vincristine and cyclophosphamide in the maintenance phase were significantly lower than that in children. VAC chemotherapy for adults was not feasible; these patients require a different regimen.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2012
Meta AnalysisCetuximab in the first-line treatment of K-ras wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: the choice and schedule of fluoropyrimidine matters.
Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor, inconsistently improves response rates (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer patients with K-ras wild-type (WT) tumors. ⋯ The lack of benefit for cetuximab with capecitabine/bolus 5-FU regimens is unexpected. Cetuximab should only be used with infusional 5-FU regimens in the first-line treatment of K-ras WT colorectal cancer patients. Further study is urgently needed to elucidate the basis of this observation.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2012
Phase II study of carboplatin and pemetrexed in advanced non-squamous, non-small-cell lung cancer: Kyoto Thoracic Oncology Research Group Trial 0902.
Subgroup analyses of randomized studies have consistently shown that pemetrexed is exclusively effective in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) other than squamous cell carcinoma and the combination of pemetrexed and platinum agents is recommended for first-line chemotherapy in advanced non-squamous NSCLC; however, there have been few prospective studies of a selected population. ⋯ The combination of carboplatin and pemetrexed was safe and effective in advanced non-squamous NSCLC. Although the sample size was small, our results indicate that pemetrexed is a key drug for advanced non-squamous NSCLC, irrespective of the EGFR mutation status (UMIN-CTR number 000002451).