Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialA phase I study of the PARP inhibitor niraparib in combination with bevacizumab in platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer: NSGO AVANOVA1/ENGOT-OV24.
Combining poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors with antiangiogenic agents appeared to enhance activity vs PARP inhibitors alone in a randomized phase II trial. ⋯ There was one dose-limiting toxicity; other adverse events were typical PARP inhibitor and antiangiogenic class effects. Niraparib-bevacizumab showed promising activity; Part 2 (vs bevacizumab) was recently reported and phase III comparison with standard-of-care therapy is planned.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2019
Clinical difference between discontinuation and retreatment with nivolumab after immune-related adverse events in patients with lung cancer.
After the cessation of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy due to an immune-related adverse event (irAE), it remains unclear whether retreatment with ICI is more effective than its discontinuation. To explore the clinical significance of its retreatment, patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had treatment interruption of nivolumab due to irAEs were identified and the clinical differences between discontinuation and retreatment with nivolumab were retrospectively reviewed. ⋯ Retreatment exhibited a slightly higher efficacy without a significant increase in irAEs; however, the clinical significance of retreatment and discontinuation was similar in NSCLC patients that led to treatment interruption due to any irAE after initial nivolumab.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2019
Second-line FOLFIRI plus ramucirumab with or without prior bevacizumab for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Few data of folinic acid, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) plus ramucirumab (RAM) obtained in bevacizumab-naïve patients in clinical trials or routine clinical practice are available. The purpose of this retrospective study was to report the results of FOLFIRI plus RAM treatment as second-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). ⋯ The effectiveness of FOLFIRI + RAM as a second-line chemotherapy in patients with mCRC was in line with that reported in the previous RAISE phase III trial. The response was better in bevacizumab-naïve patients than those with first-line treatment that had included bevacizumab.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2019
A panel of serum exosomal microRNAs as predictive markers for chemoresistance in advanced colorectal cancer.
Chemoresistance is a common problem for cancer treatment worldwide. Circulating exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered as promising biomarkers of cancers. However, few studies have assessed the relationship between serum/plasma exosomal microRNAs and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). ⋯ Our study demonstrates that a panel of serum exosomal miRNAs containing miR-21-5p, miR-1246, miR-1229-5p and miR-96-5p could significantly distinguish the chemotherapy-resistant group from advanced colorectal cancer patients. Targeting these miRNAs may promote chemosensitivity to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil, and might be promising strategy for CRC treatment.