Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2009
Lack of large intragenic rearrangements in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene in fluoropyrimidine-treated patients with high-grade toxicity.
Deficiency of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) has been associated with severe fluoropyrimidines (FP) toxicity. Mutations in DPD-coding gene (DPYD) were shown to increase the risk of severe toxicity in FP-treated cancer patients. However, the majority of DPYD alterations characterized in these patients has been considered as polymorphisms and known deleterious mutations are rare and present in only limited subgroup of patients with high toxicity. Recently, the common fragile site FRA1E was mapped within DPYD locus but intragenic rearrangements in DPYD gene were not studied so far. ⋯ We assume that rearrangements in DPYD gene play insignificant role in the development of serious FP-related toxicity.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Aug 2009
The xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter as a potential therapeutic target for small-cell lung cancer: use of sulfasalazine.
To determine whether the xc- cystine transporter could be a useful therapeutic target for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). ⋯ The xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter is potentially useful as a target for therapy of SCLC based on glutathione depletion. Sulfasalazine may be readily used for this approach, especially in combination chemotherapy.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jul 2009
Comparative StudyChanges of host immunity in relation to efficacy in liver cirrhosis patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy.
It is known that tumors develop mechanisms to escape from the immune system and to inhibit antitumor responses. The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess changes of host immunity in relation to efficacy in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) treated by combined intra-arterial chemotherapy. ⋯ The percentage of Th2 cells increased in LC patients with aHCC as the efficacy of intra-arterial combination chemotherapy decreased. These results indicated that intra-arterial chemotherapy might be not useful for patients with aHCC, because it induces Th2 dominant host immunity.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jun 2009
Carboplatin dosing in overweight and obese patients with normal renal function, does weight matter?
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential utility of alternative weight descriptors in the Cockcroft-Gault equation to more accurately predict carboplatin clearance in underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese patients. ⋯ These results suggest that in overweight and obese patients, with a normal renal function, a flat carboplatin dose should be administered, based on the population carboplatin clearance (8.38 l/h = 140 mL/min). Thus, in case an AUC of 5 mg min/mL is desired, the appropriate dose for carboplatin would be 5 x 140 = 700 mg.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jun 2009
Controlled Clinical TrialInfluence of the etiology of liver cirrhosis on the response to combined intra-arterial chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
We have previously reported that intra-arterial chemotherapy prolongs the survival of patients with advanced HCC (aHCC); however, whether the response to intra-arterial chemotherapy depends on the etiology of underlying liver cirrhosis (LC) is still unknown. ⋯ Combined intra-arterial chemotherapy might be more effective for aHCC in patients with A-LC or C-LC than in patients with B-LC.