Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jan 1989
Comparative StudyChemotherapy for bone marrow relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Results of the BMF study group trials ALL-REZ 83 and 85 for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are presented. For children with late marrow relapse, remission rates of about 90% were seen in both studies. ⋯ The probability of event-free survival for all patients and for those with early marrow relapse was also statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Children with T-cell ALL had an extremely unfavourable prognosis in both studies.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jan 1989
Effect of lonidamine on the cytotoxicity of four alkylating agents in vitro.
We examined the ability of lonidamine, which has been described as an inhibitor of cellular respiration and glycolysis, to enhance the cytotoxicity of alkylating agents to MCF-7 human breast-carcinoma cells. Lonidamine was increasingly cytotoxic to MCF-7 cells with increasing time of exposure. With a 12-h exposure, the IC50 for lonidamine was about 365 microM, and with a 24-h exposure it was about 170 microM. ⋯ Lonidamine had a moderate effect on the cytotoxicity of carmustine (BCNU) with a 1 h simultaneous exposure; however, this treatment combination reached greater than additive cytotoxicity only at the highest concentration of BCNU tested. Extending the lonidamine exposure time for an additional 12 h resulted in supra-additive cell kill over the BCNU concentration range. Therefore, when lonidamine was present during exposure to the alkylating agent and its presence was then extended for an additional 12 h, a synergistic cell kill was produced with all four alkylating agents tested.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jan 1984
Comparative StudyRandomized crossover study of the antiemetic activity of levonantradol and metoclopramide in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
In a randomized crossover study 57 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with high emetic potential were treated with low-dose levonantradol or standard-dose metoclopramide and crossed over to the other antiemetic drug in the next identical chemotherapy cycle. In the 45 patients evaluable for treatment response the antiemetic efficacy of levonantradol was significantly better: 62% had less nausea and 58% less vomiting, as against 11% and 16%, respectively, with metoclopramide. ⋯ Levonantradol treatment was accompanied by a relatively high incidence of side-effects (71%) compared with metoclopramide (29%). The antiemetic efficacy of each single drug was incomplete in most cases of this trial, and antiemetic combination therapy is recommended for further trials.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jan 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA double-blind controlled trial of salmon calcitonin in pain due to malignancy.
Thirty-two patients with established malignancy and associated pain participated in a randomised double-blind controlled trial. They received salmon calcitonin SC 200 UI or matching placebo 6-hourly for 48 h and were assessed by using a combination of a 20-point visual analogue scale (VAS), a 4-point physician's global pain scale, and ranking of the co-administered analgesics into 20 grades of potency. ⋯ One week after commencing therapy there was improvement or marked improvement of pain in significantly more patients in the calcitonin group (5/13) than in the placebo group (0/12) (Fisher's exact two-tailed probability test, P = 0.0484). At the end of the second week three patients in the calcitonin group were still showing marked improvement.